Oct 11, 2025 · 2.Polybius, the three spies and the forgotten battle of Zama (March 2021). In this paper I discuss some plausible links in the historiography of the three spies` stories and attempt to identify …

Apr 3, 2022 · Polybius points this out when giving his final thoughts on the First Punic War (1.63-64): 'It had lasted without a break for twenty-four years and is the longest, most unintermittent, and greatest …

Mar 19, 2023 · It's the translation by the Classical scholar Robin Waterfield (Robin Waterfield - Wikipedia), this is a review of his translation of Polybius (Polybius, The Histories.

Polybius is the go-to man for this question. Not only did he live during an era where a Roman legion facing a Macedonian phalanx still fell under the category of "current events," he had first hand …

Aug 22, 2019 · Can anyone recommend the best English translations of the Roman historians: Livy, Sallust, Suetonius, Tacitus, Cassius Dio, Plutarch, Polybius, Diodorus Siculus, Columella? I am …

Jan 25, 2012 · Polybius estimates the number at 70,000 foot and 4000 horse, while Livy gives a figure of 50,000 foot and 4500 horse. Whatever the figures, Scipio was likely outnumbered – his force …

Oct 16, 2025 · Livy’s re-narrativising of Polybius can be fascinating; he recast history as a moral and national story that the Augustan-era gentry clearly loved. Appian, too, describes the main battle in …

Dec 2, 2020 · I am curious to know why some nations develop an socially elite/aristocratic warrior class, like European knights or Japanese samurai, while other do not. Knights and Samurai were expected …

Jul 14, 2023 · Polybius (ii.3) says re the treaty of 226 BC: "Accordingly, after having sent envoys to Hasdrubal and made a treaty, in which no mention was made of the rest of Spain, but the …

May 1, 2015 · Polybius is an alright place to start. In book 6 of his Histories, he lays out constitutions; his ultimate goal is to explain the supremacy of Rome during his time period (200-120 BCE). So perhaps …