Today, thousands of databases with biological data are publicly available. They include data on gene and protein sequences and detailed measurements of different cellular parameters, such as the exact ...

Synonymous codons are used non-randomly in the transcriptome to shape multiple aspects of translation. Optimal codons are associated with more efficient translation and correspond to cognate tRNA ...

Transcription and translation are processes a cell uses to make all proteins the body needs to function from information stored in the sequence of bases in DNA. The four bases (C, A, T/U, and G in the ...

DNA translation is the term used to describe the process of protein synthesis by ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum. The genetic information in DNA is used as a basis to create ...

A messenger RNA (mRNA) does more than provide ribosomes a template for creating a sequence of amino acids. It also conveys regulatory information, including so-called stop codons. But just as cars ...

There is currently significant demand for the development of new and improved analytical methods for the characterization of mRNA therapeutics. The ability to rapidly identify, characterize and ...

A virus relies on the host's translation machinery to replicate itself and become infectious. Translation efficiency ...