To study the interactions between electrons in a material, physicists have come up with a number of tricks over the years. These interactions are interesting, among other things, because they lead to ...

Researchers have discovered that molecules experience non-reciprocal interactions without external forces. Fundamental forces such as gravity and electromagnetism are reciprocal, where two objects are ...

Force spectroscopy relies on the precise measurement of forces acting on a probe as it interacts with a sample. The key principles of force spectroscopy include: AFM-based force spectroscopy is the ...

In the race to uncover the deepest secrets of the universe, researchers are turning to powerful new tools. One of the most promising tools is the quantum computer. It offers a way to explore problems ...

The application of single-molecule force spectroscopy has revolutionised our understanding of protein folding and intermolecular interactions by allowing the direct interrogation of folding pathways ...

At the nanoscale, the chemistry of surfaces plays a decisive role in how particles move and where they end up. A new study published in Advancing Earth and Space Sciences highlights the importance of ...