Far from anticipating what Isaiah Berlin later called the “negative liberty” of freedom from interference alone, Locke laid the groundwork for the 18th-century idea of a free state—an ideal ...

Quentin Skinner and the contested history of liberty. Over a long career, Skinner has sought to reclaim the idea of republican liberty for the modern age. But his work also raises the question: free ...

Emmanuel Bourbouhakis is associate professor of Classics at Princeton University. Jacqueline Gottlieb is professor of neuroscience at Columbia University. Tarek Masoud is professor of democracy and ...