The quadrature processing techniques employed in spectrum analysis,computer graphics, and digital communications routinely require highspeed determination of the magnitude of a complex number (vector ...

Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Level-crossing analog-to-digital converters (LC-ADCs) represent an innovative approach to signal digitisation that departs from conventional uniform sampling. Instead of capturing signals at fixed ...