All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology and ...

Implementing I-P-O into your current projects can be a fast and visual way of understanding workflow. While it can seem ...

Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

An artificial neural network models biological synapses and neurons and can be used to make predictions for complex data sets. Neural networks and their associated algorithms are among the most ...

We could be here for a while. This is Zoe. Zoe knows that systems are made of inputs, processes and outputs and how they work. So, an input device is something that takes a real-world signal like ...

A broad survey of the computer science discipline, focusing on the computer's role in representing, storing, manipulating, organizing and communicating information. Topics include hardware, software, ...

In prior Java 101 articles, I referred to the concepts of redirection, standard input device, and standard output device. To demonstrate inputting data, several examples called System.in.read(). It ...

The supply table describes the supply of different kinds of product. A distinction is made between domestic output by industry and imports of the various product groups. A row in the supply table ...

Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical problems such as predicting the result of a football game or the movement of a ...