One popular way to reconstruct analog signals in microcontrollers (µCs) is through pulse width modulation (PWM). However, this modulation produces a large number of harmonic components, which limits ...

Two things have been overlooked with phasing amplitude modulation. One is the importance of pulse modulation; the other is that logic gates can be used for analog signal processing. Both of these ...

Because pulse modulation output signals are either on or off, Class D amplifiers produce far less heat than analog amplifiers. Reaching efficiencies greater than 90% compared to only 50% for analog, ...

Fig 1. A DSM and its corresponding filter look remarkably similar. The primary difference is the signal being fed back. Fig 2. Compare the PWM, PRM, and DSM. Note that the difference between a PWM and ...

Analog transmission is not particularly efficient. When the signal-to-noise ratio of an analog signal deteriorates due to attenuation, amplifying the signal also amplifies noise. Digital signals are ...

A signal generator, a general-purpose piece of test equipment, performs numerous measurements for a variety of applications requiring electromagnetic wave signals as stimuli. Its roots trace back to ...

Key attributes of our TSMC 65nm IO library include dual independent IO supply rails (1.0V-3.3V & 3.3V) and power-on-control (POC) to place IOs in a lo ...