It takes a lot of money to launch stuff into space -- even by NASA terms. The cost ranges from around $9,000 to more than $40,000 per pound. With that sort of price tag, weight and space are at a ...

(Nanowerk Spotlight) Hygromorphs are materials that can change their shape or size in response to changes in humidity or moisture. They are also sometimes referred to as humidity-responsive materials ...

A Chinese research team has developed a single-step femtosecond laser 4D printing technology that enables rapid and precise ...

Have you ever imaged high-resolution 3D structures at the micro/nanoscale that react dynamically to their surroundings? The 4D printing technology is changing the game by using smart materials that ...

Now, 4D technology has been used to create a soft robot capable of analyzing the soil. Drawing inspiration from the seed structure of the South African geranium (Pelargonium appendiculatum), which ...

(Nanowerk Spotlight) 3D printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing, has rapidly advanced to enable the production of intricate product geometries across industries from aerospace to ...

The research team of China’s Xi’an Jiaotong University used the reversible thermochrome deformation ability of liquid crystal elastomers, combined with the excellent mechanical properties of ...

A recent study published in Advanced Materials introduced a 4D printing method to create tubular moisture-responsive actuators called meta biocomposites. These structures use continuous flax fiber ...

In an article recently published in the open-access journal Scientific Reports, researchers discussed the development, design, and utility of a self-spiraling pattern-driven 4D-printed actuator. Study ...